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Micron Document

Silicate mineral

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Silicate minerals are rock-forming minerals made up of silicate groups. They are the largest and most important class of minerals and make up approximately 90 percent of Earth's crust.cite-ref-1[1]cite-ref-deer-2-0[2]cite-ref-hurlbut-3-0[3]

In mineralogy, the crystalline forms of silica (SiO2) are usually considered to be tectosilicates, and they are classified as such in the Dana system (75.1). However, the Nickel-Strunz system classifies them as oxide minerals (4.DA). Silica is found in nature as the mineral quartz and its polymorphs.

On Earth, a wide variety of silicate minerals occur in an even wider range of combinations as a result of the processes that have been forming and re-working the crust for billions of years. These processes include partial melting, crystallization, fractionation, metamorphism, weathering, and diagenesis.

Living organisms also contribute to this geologic cycle. For example, a type of plankton known as diatoms construct their exoskeletons ("frustules") from silica extracted from seawater. The frustules of dead diatoms are a major constituent of deep ocean sediment, and of diatomaceous earth.

Contents

• General structure

• Main groups

• Nesosilicates or orthosilicates

• Sorosilicates

• Cyclosilicates

• Inosilicates

• Single chain inosilicates

• Double chain inosilicates

• Phyllosilicates

• Tectosilicates

• See also

• References

• External links

General structure

A silicate mineral is generally an inorganic compound consisting of subunits with the formula [SiO2+n]2n−. Although depicted as such, the description of silicates as anions is a simplification. Balancing the charges of the silicate anions are metal cations, Mx+. Typical cations are Mg2+, Fe2+, and Na+. The Si-O-M linkage between the silicates and the metals are strong, polar-covalent bonds. Silicate anions ([SiO2+n]2n−) are invariably colorless, or when crushed to a fine powder, white. The colors of silicate minerals arise from the metal component, commonly iron.

In most silicate minerals, silicon is tetrahedral, being surrounded by four oxides. The coordination number of the oxides is variable except when it bridges two silicon centers, in which case the oxide has a coordination number of two.

Some silicon centers may be replaced by atoms of other elements, still bound to the four corner oxygen corners. If the substituted atom is not normally tetravalent, it usually contributes extra charge to the anion, which then requires extra cations. For example, in the mineral orthoclase [KAlSi

n, the anion is a tridimensional network of tetrahedra in which all oxygen corners are shared. If all tetrahedra had silicon centers, the anion would be just neutral silica [SiO

n. Replacement of one in every four silicon atoms by an aluminum atom results in the anion [AlSi

3O−

n, whose charge is neutralized by the potassium cations K+

Main groups

In mineralogy, silicate minerals are classified into seven major groups according to the structure of their silicate anion:cite-ref-4[4]cite-ref-5[5]

|---|---|---|---|

Tectosilicates can only have additional cations if some of the silicon is replaced by an atom of lower valence such as aluminum. Al for Si substitution is common.

Nesosilicates or orthosilicates

Nesosilicates (from Greek νῆσος nēsos 'island'), or orthosilicates, have the orthosilicate ion, present as isolated (insular) [SiO4]4− tetrahedra connected only by interstitial cations. The Nickel–Strunz classification is 09.A –examples include:

• Phenakite group

• Phenakite – Be2SiO4

• Willemite – Zn2SiO4

• Olivine group

• Forsterite – Mg2SiO4

• Fayalite – Fe2SiO4

• Tephroite – Mn2SiO4

• Garnet group

• Pyrope – Mg3Al2(SiO4)3

• Almandine – Fe3Al2(SiO4)3

• Spessartine – Mn3Al2(SiO4)3

• Grossular – Ca3Al2(SiO4)3

• Andradite – Ca3Fe2(SiO4)3

• Uvarovite – Ca3Cr2(SiO4)3

• Hydrogrossular – Ca 3Al 2Si 2O 8(SiO 4) 3−m(OH) 4m

• Zircon group

• Zircon – ZrSiO4

• Thorite – (Th,U)SiO4

• Hafnon – (Hf,Zr)SiO4

• Al2SiO5 group

• Andalusite – Al2SiO5

• Kyanite – Al2SiO5

• Sillimanite – Al2SiO5

• Dumortierite – Al 6.5–7BO 3(SiO 4) 3(O,OH) 3

• Topaz – Al2SiO4(F,OH)2

• Staurolite – Fe2Al9(SiO4)4(O,OH)2

• Humite group – (Mg,Fe)7(SiO4)3(F,OH)2

• Norbergite – Mg3(SiO4)(F,OH)2

• Chondrodite – Mg5(SiO4)2(F,OH)2

• Humite – Mg7(SiO4)3(F,OH)2

• Clinohumite – Mg9(SiO4)4(F,OH)2

• Datolite – CaBSiO4(OH)

• Titanite – CaTiSiO5

• Chloritoid – (Fe,Mg,Mn)2Al4Si2O10(OH)4

• Mullite (aka Porcelainite) – Al6Si2O13

Sorosilicates

Sorosilicates (from Greek σωρός sōros 'heap, mound') have isolated pyrosilicate anions Si

2O6−

7, consisting of double tetrahedra with a shared oxygen vertex—a silicon:oxygen ratio of 2:7. The Nickel–Strunz classification is 09.B. Examples include:

• Thortveitite – (Sc,Y)2(Si2O7)

• Hemimorphite (calamine) – Zn4(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O

• Lawsonite – CaAl2(Si2O7)(OH)2·H2O

• Axinite – (Ca,Fe,Mn)3Al2(BO3)(Si4O12)(OH)

• Ilvaite – CaFeII2FeIIIO(Si2O7)(OH)

• Epidote group (has both (SiO4)4− and (Si2O7)6− groups}

• Epidote – Ca2(Al,Fe)3O(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)

• Zoisite – Ca2Al3O(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)

• Tanzanite – Ca2Al3O(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)

• Clinozoisite – Ca2Al3O(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)

• Allanite – Ca(Ce,La,Y,Ca)Al2(FeII,FeIII)O(SiO4)(Si2O7)(OH)

• Dollaseite-(Ce) – CaCeMg2AlSi3O11F(OH)

• Vesuvianite (idocrase) – Ca10(Mg,Fe)2Al4(SiO4)5(Si2O7)2(OH)4

Cyclosilicates

Cyclosilicates (from Greek κύκλος kýklos 'circle'), or ring silicates, have three or more tetrahedra linked in a ring. The general formula is (SixO3x)2x−, where one or more silicon atoms can be replaced by other 4-coordinated atom(s). The silicon:oxygen ratio is 1:3. Double rings have the formula (Si2xO5x)2x− or a 2:5 ratio. The Nickel–Strunz classification is 09.C. Possible ring sizes include:

Some example minerals are:

• 3-member single ring

• Benitoite – BaTi(Si3O9)

• 4-member single ring

• Papagoite – CaCuAlSi 2O 6(OH) 3.

• 6-member single ring

• Beryl – Be3Al2(Si6O18)

• Bazzite – Be3Sc2(Si6O18)

• Sugilite – KNa2(Fe,Mn,Al)2Li3Si12O30

• Tourmaline – (Na,Ca)(Al,Li,Mg) 3–(Al,Fe,Mn) 6(Si 6O 18)(BO 3) 3(OH) 4

• Pezzottaite – Cs(Be2Li)Al2Si6O18

• Osumilite – (K,Na)(Fe,Mg)2(Al,Fe)3(Si,Al)12O30

• Cordierite – (Mg,Fe)2Al4Si5O18

• Sekaninaite – (Fe+2,Mg)2Al4Si5O18

• 9-member single ring

• Eudialyte – Na 15Ca 6(Fe,Mn) 3Zr 3SiO(O,OH,H 2O) 3(Si 3O 9) 2(Si 9O 27) 2(OH,Cl) 2

• 6-member double ring

• Milarite – K2Ca4Al2Be4(Si24O60)H2O

The ring in axinite contains two B and four Si tetrahedra and is highly distorted compared to the other 6-member ring cyclosilicates.

Inosilicates

Inosilicates (from Greek ἴς is [genitive: ἰνός inos] 'fibre'), or chain silicates, have interlocking chains of silicate tetrahedra with either SiO3, 1:3 ratio, for single chains or Si4O11, 4:11 ratio, for double chains. The Nickel–Strunz classification is 09.D – examples include:

Single chain inosilicates

• Pyroxene group

• Enstatite – orthoferrosilite series

• Enstatite – MgSiO3

• Ferrosilite – FeSiO3

• Pigeonite – Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)1.75Si2O6

• Diopside – hedenbergite series

• Diopside – CaMgSi2O6

• Hedenbergite – CaFeSi2O6

• Augite – (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)2O6

• Sodium pyroxene series

• Jadeite – NaAlSi2O6

• Aegirine (or acmite) – NaFeIIISi2O6

• Spodumene – LiAlSi2O6

• Pyroxferroite - (Fe,Ca)SiO3

• Pyroxenoid group

• Wollastonite – CaSiO3

• Rhodonite – MnSiO3

• Pectolite – NaCa2(Si3O8)(OH)

Double chain inosilicates

• Amphibole group

• Anthophyllite – (Mg,Fe)7Si8O22(OH)2

• Cummingtonite series

• Cummingtonite – Fe2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2

• Grunerite – Fe7Si8O22(OH)2

• Tremolite series

• Tremolite – Ca2Mg5Si8O22(OH)2

• Actinolite – Ca2(Mg,Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2

• Hornblende – (Ca,Na) 2–3(Mg,Fe,Al) 5Si 6(Al,Si) 2O 22(OH) 2

• Sodium amphibole group

• Glaucophane – Na2Mg3Al2Si8O22(OH)2

• Riebeckite (asbestos) – Na2FeII3FeIII2Si8O22(OH)2

• Arfvedsonite – Na3(Fe,Mg)4FeSi8O22(OH)2

Phyllosilicates

Phyllosilicates (from Greek φύλλον phýllon 'leaf'), or sheet silicates, form parallel sheets of silicate tetrahedra with Si2O5 or a 2:5 ratio. The Nickel–Strunz classification is 09.E. All phyllosilicate minerals are hydrated, with either water or hydroxyl groups attached. Many phyllosilicates are clay-forming and may be further classified as 1:1 clay minerals (one tetrahedral sheet and one octahedral sheet) and 2:1 clay minerals (one octahedral sheet between two tetrahedral sheets). Below is a list of the phyllosilicate mineral species that currently have articles on Wikipedia, with their chemical formulas and important varieties:

• Ajoite – (K,Na)Cu7AlSi9O24(OH)6·3H2Ocite-ref-6[6]

• Allophane – (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2·2.5-3H2Ocite-ref-7[7]

• Apophyllite groupcite-ref-8[8]

• Fluorapophyllite-(K) – KCa4(Si8O22)F·8H2O

• Armstrongite – CaZr(Si6O15)·3H2Ocite-ref-9[9]

• Bannisterite – (Ca,K,Na)(Mn2+,Fe2+)10(Si,Al)16O38(OH)8·nH2Ocite-ref-10[10]

• Carletonite – KNa4Ca4Si8O18(CO3)4(OH,F)·H2Ocite-ref-11[11]

• Cavansite – Ca(VO)Si4O10·4H2O (dimorph of pentagonite)cite-ref-12[12]

• Chapmanite – Fe3+2Sb3+(Si2O5)O3(OH)cite-ref-13[13]

• Chlorite groupcite-ref-14[14] – (Al,Fe2+,Fe3+Li,Mg,Mn,Ni)5−6(Al,Fe3+,Si)4(O,OH)18 (2:1:1 clays)

• Chamosite – (Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8 (Fe endmember)

• Thuringite – (Fe,Fe,Mg,Al)6(Si,Al)4O10(O,OH)8 (Fe-rich variety of chamosite)cite-ref-15[15]

• Clinochlore – Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 (Mg endmember)

• Seraphinite – variety of clinochlore with a radiating structurecite-ref-16[16]

• Cookeite – (LiAl4◻)[AlSi3O10](OH)8

• Delessite – (Mg,Fe,Fe,Al)(Si,Al)4O10(O,OH)8cite-ref-17[17]

• Sudoite – Mg2Al3(Si3Al)O10)(OH)8

• Chrysocolla – Cu2−xAlx(H2−xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O, x < 1cite-ref-18[18]

• Cymrite – BaAl2Si2(O,OH)8·H2Ocite-ref-19[19]

• Ekanite – Ca2ThSi8O20cite-ref-20[20]

• Ganophyllite – (K,Na,Ca)2Mn8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)32·8H2Ocite-ref-21[21]

• Gyrolite – NaCa16Si23AlO60(OH)8·14H2Ocite-ref-22[22]

• Hisingerite – Fe3+2(Si2O5)(OH)4·2H2Ocite-ref-23[23]

• Imogolite – Al2SiO3(OH)4cite-ref-24[24]

• Kampfite – Ba12(Si11Al5)O31(CO3)8Cl5cite-ref-25[25]

• Kaolinite-Serpentine groupcite-ref-26[26]

• Greenalite – (Fe2+,Fe3+)2−3Si2O5(OH)4

• Kaolinite subgroup (1:1 clays)

• Dickite – Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4

• Kaolinite – Al2Si2O5(OH)4

• Halloysite – Al2Si2O5(OH)4

• Serpentine subgroup

• Amesite – Mg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4

• Antigorite – Mg3Si2O5(OH)4

• Bowenite – Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 (yellow-green variety of antigorite)cite-ref-27[27]

• Caryopilite – Mn2+3Si2O5(OH)4

• Chrysotile – Mg3Si2O5(OH)4

• Cronstedtite – Fe2+2Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4

• Fraipontite – (Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4

• Lizardite – Mg3Si2O5(OH)4

• Népouite – Ni3Si2O5(OH)4

• Pecoraite – Ni3(Si2O5)(OH)4

• Kegelite – Pb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8cite-ref-28[28]

• Kerolite – (Mg,Ni)3Si4O10(OH)2·nH2Ocite-ref-29[29]

• Macaulayite – (Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2cite-ref-30[30]

• Macdonaldite – BaCa4Si16O36(OH)2·10H2Ocite-ref-31[31]

• Magadiite – Na2Si14O29·11H2Ocite-ref-32[32]

• Mica groupcite-ref-33[33]

• Brittle mica groupcite-ref-34[34]

• Anandite – (Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2

• Bityite – CaLiAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2

• Clintonite – CaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2

• Margarite – CaAl2(Al2Si2)O10(OH)2

• Dioctahedral mica group

• Celadonite subgroup

• Aluminoceladonite – K(MgAl◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2

• Celadonite – K(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2

• Glauconite – K0.60−0.85(Fe3+,Mg,Al)2(Si,Al)4O10](OH)2

• Muscovite – KAl2(AlSi3)O10(OH)2cite-ref-35[35]

• Fuchsite – K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2 (Cr replaces Al in muscovite)cite-ref-36[36]

• Illite – K0.6−0.85(Al,Mg)2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2 (K-deficient muscovite)cite-ref-37[37] (2:1 clay)

• Mariposite – K(Al,Cr)2(Al,Si)4O10(OH)2 (Cr-bearing muscovite)cite-ref-38[38]

• Phengite – KAl1.5(Mg,Fe)0.5(Al0.5Si3.5O10)(OH)2 (Fe/Mg-bearing muscovite)cite-ref-39[39]

• Sericite – KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2cite-ref-40[40]

• Paragonite – NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

• Brammallite – NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 (Na-deficient variety of paragonite)cite-ref-41[41]

• Roscoelite – K(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

• Trioctahedral mica group

• Aspidolite – NaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

• Biotite subgroup – K(Fe2+,Mg)2(Al,Fe3+,Mg,Ti)([Si,Al,Fe]2Si2O10)(OH,F)2

• Annite – KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 (Fe endmember)

• Manganophyllite – K(Fe,Mg,Mn)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 (Mn-rich variety of biotite)cite-ref-42[42]

• Phlogopite – KMg3(AlSi3)O10(OH)2 (Mg endmember)

• Siderophyllite – KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2

• Ephesite – NaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2

• Hendricksite – KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2

• Lepidolite (polylithionite-trilithionite series) – K(Li2,Li1.5Al1.5)AlSi3−4O10(F,OH)2

• Zinnwaldite series – KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2

• Nelenite – (Mn,Fe)16(Si12O30)(OH)14[As3+3O6(OH)3]cite-ref-43[43]

• Neptunite – KNa2Li(Fe2+)2Ti2[Si4O12]2cite-ref-44[44]

• Okenite – Ca10Si18O46·18H2Ocite-ref-45[45]

• Palygorskite groupcite-ref-46[46] (2:1 clays)

• Palygorskite – ◻Al2Mg2◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4·4H2O

• Tuperssuatsiaite – Fe3+Fe3+2(Na◻)◻2Si8O20(OH)2(H2O)4·2H2O

• Pentagonite – Ca(VO)Si4O10·4H2O (dimorph of cavansite)cite-ref-47[47]

• Pyrophyllite-Talc groupcite-ref-48[48]

• Minnesotaite – Fe2+3Si4O10(OH)2

• Pyrophyllite – Al2Si4O10(OH)2

• Talc – Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 (2:1 clay)

• Sanbornite – BaSi2O5cite-ref-49[49]

• Searlesite – Na(H2BSi2O7)cite-ref-50[50]

• Sepiolite – Mg4(Si6O15)(OH)2·6H2Ocite-ref-51[51] (2:1 clay)

• Falcondoite – (Ni,Mg)4Si6O15(OH)2·6H2O (Ni analogue of sepiolite)cite-ref-52[52]

• Smectite groupcite-ref-53[53] (2:1 clays)

• Aliettite – Ca0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4·4H2Ocite-ref-54[54]

• Hectorite – Na0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2

• Montmorillonite – (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2·nH2O

• Nontronite – Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2·nH2O

• Pimelite – Ni3Si4O10(OH)2·4H2O

• Saliotite – (Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5

• Saponite – Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2·nH2O

• Sauconite – Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2·4H2O

• Stevensite – (Ca,Na)xMg3−x(Si4O10)(OH)2

• Stilpnomelane groupcite-ref-55[55]

• Franklinphilite – (K,Na)4(Mn2+,Mg,Zn)48(Si,Al)72(O,OH)216·6H2O

• Stilpnomelane – (K,Ca,Na)(Fe,Mg,Al)8(Si,Al)12(O,OH)36·nH2O

• Tumchaite – Na2Zr(Si4O11)·2H2Ocite-ref-56[56]

• Ussingite – Na2AlSi3O8OHcite-ref-57[57]

• Vermiculite – Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4·8H2Ocite-ref-58[58] (2:1 clay)

• Zakharovite – Na4Mn5Si10O24(OH)6·6H2Ocite-ref-59[59]

• Zussmanite – K(Fe,Mg,Mn)13(Si,Al)18O42(OH)14cite-ref-60[60]

Tectosilicates

Tectosilicates, or "framework silicates," have a three-dimensional framework of silicate tetrahedra with SiO2 in a 1:2 ratio. This group comprises nearly 75% of the crust of the Earth.cite-ref-deer4b-61-0[61] Tectosilicates, with the exception of the quartz group, are aluminosilicates. The Nickel–Strunz classifications are 9.F (tectosilicates without zeolitic H2O), 9.G (tectosilicates with zeolitic H2O), and 4.DA (quartz/silica group). Below is a list of the tectosilicate mineral species that currently have articles on Wikipedia, with their chemical formulas and important varieties:

• Quartz group (silica) – SiO2

• α-quartz – trigonal, quartz under 573 °C (846 K; 1,063 °F)

• β-quartz – hexagonal, high-temperature quartz

• Chalcedony – cryptocrystalline variety of silica composed mostly of quartz with some moganite

• Agate – banded variety of chalcedony

• Coesite – monoclinic polymorph

• Cristobalite – tetragonal polymorph

• Moganite – monoclinic polymorph

• Stishovite – hard and dense tetragonal polymorph

• Tridymite – orthorhombic polymorph

• Feldspar groupcite-ref-62[62]

• Alkali feldspar series (potassium feldspars or K-spar)

• Microcline – KAlSi3O8

• Amazonite – green variety of microcline

• Orthoclase – KAlSi3O8

• Moonstone – opalescent variety of orthoclase

• Anorthoclase – (Na,K)AlSi3O8

• Sanidine – KAlSi3O8

• Plagioclase feldspar series

• Albite – NaAlSi3O8 (Na endmember)

• Oligoclase – (Na,Ca)Al(Si,Al)Si2O8 (Na:Ca 90:10 to 70:30)cite-ref-63[63]

• Andesine – (Na,Ca)Al(Si,Al)Si2O8 (Na:Ca 50:50 to 70:30)cite-ref-64[64]

• Labradorite – (Ca,Na)Al(Al,Si)Si2O8 (Na:Ca 30:70 to 50:50)cite-ref-65[65]

• Bytownite – (Ca,Na)Al(Al,Si)Si2O8 (Na:Ca 10:90 to 30:70)cite-ref-66[66]

• Anorthite – CaAl2Si2O8 (Ca endmember)

• Other feldspars

• Buddingtonite — NH4AlSi3O8

• Celsian – BaAl2Si2O8

• Hyalophane – (K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]cite-ref-67[67]

• Rubicline – (RbAlSi3O8cite-ref-68[68]

• Feldspathoid groupcite-ref-69[69]

• Cancrinite subgroup

• Afghanite – (Na,K)22Ca10[Si24Al24O96](SO4)6Cl6

• Alloriite – (Na,Ca,K)26Ca4(Al6Si6O24)4(SO4)6Cl6

• Bystrite – (Na,K)7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(S5)Cl

• Cancrinite – (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2·2H2O

• Farneseite – (Na,Ca,K)56(Al6Si6O24)7(SO4)12·6H2O

• Sacrofanite – (Na61K19Ca32)(Si84Al84O336)(SO4)26Cl2F6·2H2O

• Vishnevite – (Na,K)8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4,CO3)·2H2O

• Danalite – Be3Fe²⁺4(SiO4)3Scite-ref-70[70]

• Kalsilite – KAlSiO4

• Leucite – K(AlSi2O6)

• Nepheline subgroup

• Davidsmithite – (Ca,◻)2Na6Al8Si8O32

• Nepheline – Na3K(Al4Si4O16)

• Sodalite subgroup

• Hauyne – Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)

• Lazurite – Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3)·H2O

• Nosean – Na8(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)·H2O

• Sodalite – Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl

• Tugtupite – Na4(BeAlSi4O12)Clcite-ref-71[71]

• Scapolite groupcite-ref-72[72]

• Marialite – Na4Al3Si9O24Cl

• Meionite – Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3

• Zeolite groupcite-ref-73[73]

• Amicite – K2Na2Al4Si4O16·5H2O

• Analcime – Na(AlSi2O6)·H2O

• Brewsterite subgroup – (Ba,Sr,Ca)Al2Si6O16·5H2O

• Chabazite-Lévyne subgroup

• Chabazite – M[Al2Si4O12]·6H2O

• Lévyne – (Ca1−2,Na1−2,K2)Al2Si4O12·6H2O

• Clinoptilolite subgroup – (Na,Ca,K)3−6(Al6−7Si29−30O72)·20H2O

• Cowlesite – CaAl2Si3O10·6H2O

• Dachiardite-K – K4(Si20Al4O48)·13H2O

• Edingtonite – BaAl2Si3O10·4H2O

• Erionite subgroup – (Na1−2,K1−2,Ca1−2)2Al4Si14O36·15H2O

• Faujasite subgroup – (Na1−2,Ca1−2,Mg1−2)3.5[Al7Si17O48]·32H2O

• Ferrierite subgroup – [Mg2(K,Na)2Ca0.5](Si29Al7)O72·18H2O (Ferrierite-Mg)

• Garronite-Ca – Na2Ca5Al12Si20O64·27H2O

• Gismondine – CaAl2Si2O8·4H2O (Gismondine-Ca)

• Gmelinite subgroup – Na4(Si8Al4)O24·11H2O (Gmelinite-Na)

• Heulandite subgroup – (Na,Ca,K)5−6[Al8−9Si27−28O72]·nH2O

• Hsianghualite – Ca3Li2(Be3Si3O12)F2

• Laumontite – CaAl2Si4O12·4H2O

• Mordenite – (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96·28H2O

• Nabesite – Na2BeSi4O10·4H2O

• Natrolite subgroup

• Gonnardite – (Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10·3H2O

• Mesolite – Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30·8H2O

• Natrolite – Na2Al2Si3O10·2H2O

• Scolecite – CaAl2Si3O10·3H2O

• Paulingite subgroup – (K2,Ca,Na2,Ba)5[Al10Si35O90]·45H2O (Paulingite-K)

• Phillipsite subgroup

• Harmotome – (Ba2(Si12Al4)O32·12H2O

• Phillipsite – (Ca3(Si10Al6)O32·12H2O (Phillipsite-Ca)

• Pollucite – (Cs,Na)2(Al2Si4O12)·2H2O

• Stilbite subgroup

• Barrerite – Na2(Si7Al2)O18·6H2O

• Stellerite – Ca4(Si28Al8)O72·28H2O

• Stilbite – (NaCa4,Na9)(Si27Al9)O72·28H2O

• Thomsonite subgroup – NaCa2Al5Si5O20·6H2O (Thomsonite-Ca)

• Wairakite – Ca(Al2Si4O12)·2H2O

• Yugawaralite – CaAl2Si6O16·4H2O